Unit 6 Exam Study Guide

You should know the following:

1. What does sound absolutely have to have in order to get from one place to the next?
2. What is pitch? How does the frequency of a sound effect the pitch of the sound?
3. How does a microwave oven work?
4. What is the electromagnetic spectrum? What are electromagnetic waves made of? Can you list the seven general parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength and give an example or use of each?
5. What does wavelength do to the frequency of an electromagnetic or sound wave? How is wavelength related to the amount of energy in an electromagnetic wave?
6. What is refraction of light? What causes refraction? What colors does white light separate into when it refracts through a prism? Can you list those colors in order from longest wavelength to shortest?
7. What is reflecting off of objects that allows us to see them? HINT: THGIL spelled backwards.
8. What are some similarities and differences of light and sound? Compare their speed, how they travel, type of wave, and how we perceive them.
9. In order to test an idea you would:

• Make a hypothesis: “IF I do _______________ , THEN I think _______________ will happen.”
• Test the hypothesis: “I will change ____________ and record what happens. I will repeat it several times.”
• Analyze the data: “I wrote down my observations in this chart and then made a graph.”
• Make conclusions based on facts: “When I did _______ the measurement changed to ________, this proves/disproves my hypothesis as correct.”
  

You would always double check your measurement numbers (dependent variables) and keep all variables the same (controlled variables) except the one that you are testing (independent variables).
Using this slide show as a guide....

.....find the mistakes in Tibby's Lab Report.

Here are the slides for Unit 6


And here is a video clip about the EM Spectrum:

Unit 5 Exam Study Guide

FIRST and FOREMOST...look here to see if you have all these notes.

• There are two main categories of energy:
• Kinetic= energy of motion ......This energy is doing work
  
• Potential= energy that is stored......This energy could do work but isn't doing work yet.
  

There are many different forms of energy and they all can be categorized as either kinetic or potential

• Thermal = energy of heat (kinetic)
• Nuclear = energy stored in atoms like in the sun (potential)
• Chemical = energy stored in chemical bonds like inside a battery or in a plant (potential)
• Sound = energy of sound waves (kinetic)
• Electrical = energy of moving electrons like through the wires in a flashlight (kinetic)
• Stored Mechanical = energy that is stored because of applying a force like a spring or rubber-band stretched out before you release them (potential)
  
• Motion/Mechanical = energy of things that are moving (kinetic)
  
• Electromagnetic/Radiant = energy in electromagnetic waves like sunlight, radio waves, and coming from lightbulbs (kinetic)
  

• Energy can not be created or destroyed, you can only change the version of the energy. This law is called the law of conservation of energy….we can only convert energy into another form.
• Heat energy or thermal energy can only move from warmer objects towards cooler objects
• Heat energy moves in one of three ways:
• Conduction: heat moving through objects because they are touching each other
  Exe. A handle on a pot gets hot even though it is not touching the burner, heat is transferred through the pot.
• Convection: heat transferred by the movement of currents in a fluid like water or air
  Exe. Hot water in a pot rises to the top and the cold water flows to the bottom. This also occurs in a room heated with hot water pipes (like our class). The pipes heat up the air near them, it rises to the top of the room, and the cool air is pushed to the floor (where it is heated and rises).
• Radiation: heat transferred by waves of heat energy
  Exe. When you step outside on a sunny day you feel heat from the sun even though you are not touching the sun. This is radiation. The same thing happens when your hand is near the stove and you feel heat.
  

Here are a few videos on energy to jog your memory and get you started studying...

Some Unit 5 Energy and Wave Help

I thought I would take some time to post the Energy notes that we took in class for anyone who was absent or those of you who have misplaced yours.



You also might want to review the basic parts of a transverse wave:
Keep in mind that the wavelength is not from the first crest to the last crest or from the first trough to the last trough, it is from a crest to the very next crest. So if a wave has more than one crest, you just would measure the distance from one crest to the next.

You should also be very familiar with one type of kinetic energy in particular: THERMAL ENERGY. Don't forget to review the guided notes that we wrote down about Thermal energy and Heat.

You should know the following for the Unit 4 Test:

• Speed = Distance ÷ Time and when we graph speed, distance is on the y-axis and time is on the x-axis...........Constant speed on a graph is a straight line.

• Acceleration = Speed ÷ Time.........Constant acceleration is a straight line on a speed vs. time graph
• Look at these Sample Graphs to see the difference:
  

• Velocity is speed plus the given direction of an object.

• Friction is when two surfaces rub against each other. Friction causes things to slow down, heat up, and wear out.

• Forces are pushes or pulls. They can add together (if they’re going the same direction) or subtract from each other (if they are acting in opposite directions). If they add together they generally form unbalanced forces. If they cancel each other out they form balanced forces.

• Unbalanced forces cause objects to change their motion. Like:

Speed up….Slow down….Start moving….Stop moving...Change Direction

• More mass, more inertia. Inertia is the tendency of an object to remain in motion or stay at rest.

• In order to test an idea you would:

Make a hypothesis: “IF I do _______________ , THEN I think _______________ will happen.”
Test the hypothesis: “I will change ____________ and record what happens. I will repeat it several times.
Analyze the data: “I wrote down my observations in this chart and then made a graph.”
Make conclusions based on facts: “When I did _______ the measurement changed to ________, this proves/disproves my hypothesis as correct.”

Unit 2 Test Study Guide

Memorizing this study guide will NOT help much on the test. This study guide just tells you the type of things you need to study from your notes, class work, and each other to get ready for the test.

You know about the following:

1. The three principal phases or states of matter. You should be able to diagram the molecules of these three states of matter and discuss what you know about each state…...like does it have a definite shape or volume. You also should know that as we add heat energy to matter the molecules start to move faster (more kinetic energy) and as we take away heat energy the molecules start to move slower (less kinetic energy)

2. You need to know that matter can go through two types of change: physical and chemical. The difference between the two can best be determined by the evidence:

Evidence of physical change: The type of matter DOES NOT CHANGE but there might be Changes of state, change of shape, changes in density, volume, or mass(size), and sometimes changes in color.

Evidence of chemical change: The type of matter DOES CHANGE, there might be a formation of a gas, a precipitate, or a change in energy (endothermic-absorbs heat, feels cold exothermic-releases heat, feels hot)

3. How calculate density. Density = mass/volume Mass is always measured in grams. Volume can be measured either in mL or cubic centimeters.

4. How to calculate volume of a rectangle prism (box). This is length x width x height.

5. How to calculate the volume of an irregular shaped object like a wedding ring. a) put some water in a graduated cylinder and measure the volume b) add the object and see the new volume c) subtract the first volume from the new total volume.

6. How to find the dependent and independent variable in an experiment when the experiment is described to you in a paragraph and in a chart.

Unit 1 Study Guide 2008

For the District Unit 1 Test, you will be asked questions about the scientific method and measurement. Never fear, it is primarily stuff we have already gone over in class.

You need to know:

The three types of variables--Controlled, Independent and Dependent

How to read a thermometer (sometimes each line is two units)

How to read a graduated cylinder to find the volume of a liquid in milliliters (remember, you must measure from the bottom of the meniscus!)

How to read and interpret a graph, data chart, and data table

How to make predictions from a graph, data chart, and data table

The difference between inference and observation

The safety symbol for flammable materials and sharp objects

How to measure volume using the displacement method (ending volume – starting volume)

How to calculate the volume of a regular shaped object (length x width x height)

How to calculate density (mass ÷ volume)

The last 2 q’s are graphing questions. It is almost like I knew what was coming!! (Aren’t you glad, we practiced this with our Lab and P.O.D.!!) No wonder my students get the highest scores in the district. You must label a pie chart. You must properly format a line graph.

Remember: 1. DRY MIX 2. Scale 3. Plot Data

Open House Tonight!!

Welcome to 6th Grade Physical Science at Broadmoor Middle.
This class blog is used primarily to inform students about upcoming tests and post online study guides. The study guides generally have links embedded into them to give further information. My contact information is always on the board, on this site, and available from the school. Thanks for coming!